Health Library
Irregular Heartbeat May Be Deadly in Car Crash FRIDAY, June 10, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- Having the common heart rhythm disorder atrial fibrillation might be risky if you get into a car accident, a new study suggests. Atrial fibrillation is a quivering or irregular heartbeat. Researchers report the condition is linked to higher chances of dying if you're in a crash, although their study didn't prove a cause-and-effect relationship. "Atrial fibrillation is the most common heart rhythm disorder, and incid...
Intensive Blood Sugar Control May Be Too Much for Some With Type 2 Diabetes MONDAY, June 6, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- Intensive treatment of blood sugar levels in some people with type 2 diabetes may cause serious complications, new research suggests. "In this study, we found that, particularly among older patients and patients with serious chronic conditions, intensive treatment nearly doubled the risk of severe hypoglycemia requiring medical attention, including hospitalization," said lead author Dr. R...
Immune-Based Drug May Help Some With Advanced Bladder Cancer SUNDAY, June 5, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- Patients with advanced bladder cancer can sometimes be too old or unhealthy to withstand standard chemotherapy. However, some may gain hope from a new drug that unleashes the immune system to attack tumor cells, researchers reported Sunday. Patients who responded to the drug Tecentriq (atezolizumab) had an average survival of nearly 15 months, about 5 to 6 months longer than people usually gain from pla...
I'll Take the One in the White Coat WEDNESDAY, June 1, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- Sometimes, perceptions can make for good medicine, a new study suggests. A survey of 255 patients found most people prefer their dermatologists to wear a white coat, and what their doctor wears may affect results. The patients were shown photos of dermatologists wearing either a suit, a white coat (professional attire), surgical scrubs or casual clothing, and asked which they favored. A white coat was the most preferred (73 ...
Is Smoking During Pregnancy Tied to Offspring's Schizophrenia Risk? FRIDAY, May 27, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- Smoking during pregnancy may increase the risk that a child could develop schizophrenia, new research suggests. "This is, so far, the largest study to show an association between prenatal nicotine exposure and schizophrenia," said study author Dr. Solja Niemela. She is a professor of psychiatry and addiction medicine at the University of Oulu, Lapland Hospital District, in Rovaniemi, Finland. Alt...
Iron and Total Iron-Binding Capacity Do these tests have other names? Iron (Fe), serum iron, TIBC What are these tests? The serum iron test measure the amount of iron in your blood. The total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) test looks at how well the iron moves through your body. Iron is an important mineral that your body needs to stay healthy. Your body uses iron to make hemoglobin, the protein in your red blood cells that carries oxygen throughout your body. If you don't have enough iron, you may not ha...
Iron (Blood) Does this test have other names? Serum Fe What is this test? This test measures the level of iron in your blood. Iron is an essential trace element in your blood. It helps your body make healthy red blood cells. Red blood cells carry oxygen throughout your bloodstream. Having too little or too much iron can lead to health problems. Too little iron in your body can cause a condition called anemia. When this happens, your blood doesn't have enough iron to make the number of red blood cells ne...
Intrinsic Factor Antibody Does this test have other names? IF antibody; intrinsic factor antibody level; intrinsic factor blocking antibody measurement; antibody level, intrinsic factor What is this test? This is a blood test for pernicious anemia, which is caused by a deficiency of vitamin B 12 . The disease used to be life-threatening, but today it can be treated with vitamin B 12 shots or pills. To get enough vitamin B 12 , your body needs a protein called intrinsic factor (IF). This protein is made ...
International Normalized Ratio Does this test have other names? INR, standardized prothrombin time What is this test? This blood test looks to see how well your blood clots. The international normalized ratio (INR) is a standardized number that's figured out in the lab. If you take blood thinners, also called anti-clotting medicines or anticoagulants, it's especially important to check your INR. The INR is figured out using the results of the prothrombin time (PT) test. This measures the time it takes f...
Insulin-Like Growth Factor Does this test have other names? IGF, IGF-1 What is this test? This test measures the amount of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in your blood. IGF-1 is a hormone found naturally in your blood. Its main job is to regulate the effects of growth hormone (GH) in your body. Normal IGF-1 and GH functions include tissue and bone growth. IGF-1 is formed in different tissues as a result of GH in the blood. Some disorders and diseases, such as pituitary tumors, can cause your body ...
Indirect Bilirubin Does this test have other names? Unconjugated bilirubin What is this test? This test measures the amount of bilirubin in your blood. Your body makes bilirubin when it breaks down hemoglobin, a protein in red blood cells. This breakdown is called hemolysis. Your liver removes bilirubin from your body, so measuring it is one way to check how well your liver is working. Why do I need this test? You may need this test if the results of a total bilirubin blood test are abnormal. When total...
Indirect Antiglobulin Does this test have other names? Indirect Coombs test, Coombs test (indirect), blood antibody screening, IAT What is this test? This test looks for antibodies circulating in your bloodstream. Antibodies are proteins that your immune system makes in response to a possible foreign invader. If you receive a blood transfusion, these antibodies could attach to donated red blood cells and damage them. Why do I need this test? You may have this blood test before you get a blood transfusio...
Immunofixation and Protein Electrophoresis (CSF) Does this test have other names? IPE CSF, CSF protein electrophoresis, immunofixation electrophoresis What is this test? This test looks for certain proteins in a sample of your cerebral spinal fluid (CSF). CSF is the fluid that surrounds your brain and spinal cord. This test uses an electrical current on a CSF sample to separate out certain types of protein called immunoglobulins. Normally, your CSF has little protein in it. An increase in the amount of ...
Immunofixation by Electrophoresis (Urine) Does this test have other names? Immunofixation electrophoresis, IFE What is this test? This test separates and measures proteins in your urine. It looks for an abnormal protein called monoclonal protein, or M-protein. An M-protein is a type of abnormal immunoglobulin made by plasma cells, a kind of white blood cell. Your body uses immunoglobulins to make antibodies that help attack invaders such as germs. If your body makes M-protein, it may mean that you have ...
Immunofixation (Blood) Does this test have other names? IFE, immunofixation electrophoresis What is this test? This blood test finds out if you are abnormally making or losing protein. It can also find out if you are having problems absorbing protein. This test helps diagnose or monitor conditions linked to health problems like the blood cancer multiple myeloma. For this test, your blood sample goes through a complex procedure called electrophoresis. This process singles out the different proteins in yo...
Immunohistochemical Test for Estrogen and Progesterone Receptors Does this test have other names? IHC testing What is this test? This test looks for several types of receptors on cells in a sample of breast cancer tissue. Fifty percent to 70% of breast cancers depend on the hormone estrogen to grow. A few breast cancers can grow without estrogen. The cancer cells that depend on estrogen make many estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptors (PR), or both. These receptors grab onto the hormones that f...
Interacting with a Child Who Has Autism Spectrum Disorder Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental disorder that affects how children interact and communicate. The disorder is called a spectrum disorder because children can fall anywhere on the autism spectrum. Children with an ASD begin to show symptoms of the condition at an early age, and the symptoms continue throughout childhood and adulthood. Health care providers do not know why some children get an ASD. It may be a combination of genes ...
Injectable Corticosteroids Corticosteroids are potent drugs used to reduce inflammation in the body's tissues. They are different from anabolic steroids. These are illegally used by some athletes to increase muscle tone. Corticosteroids can come in several forms: pills, liquids, creams, ointments, medicines sprayed into the nose, and injectable medicines. Corticosteroid injections can treat a variety of skeletal, muscular, and spinal conditions. Some of these injections can be performed by your health c...
Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP) Headache What is an increased intracranial pressure (ICP) headache? A brain injury or another medical condition can cause growing pressure inside your skull. This dangerous condition is called increased intracranial pressure (ICP) and can lead to an ICP headache. The pressure also further injure your brain or spinal cord. This kind of headache is an emergency and requires immediate medical attention. The sooner you get help, the more likely you are to recover. What ...
Insulinoma What is an insulinoma? The pancreas makes insulin, which helps keep your blood sugar level balanced. Tumors on your pancreas, called insulinomas, make extra insulin, more than your body can use. This causes blood sugar levels to drop too low. These tumors are rare and usually do not spread to other parts of your body. What causes an insulinoma? The cause of insulinomas is unknown. What are the risk factors for an insulinoma? There are few risk factors for insulinomas. But, women seem to be af...
Infectious Esophagitis Esophagitis is swelling and irritation of your esophagus. The esophagus is the tube you use to swallow. It connects the back of your throat to your stomach. The most common cause of swelling and irritation of the esophagus is stomach acid that flows back into your esophagus. But infections can also cause this swelling and irritation. Fungi, yeast, viruses, and bacteria can all set off the condition, called infectious esophagitis. Anyone can get it, but you are more likely to devel...
Intra-Abdominal Abscess What is an intra-abdominal abscess? An intra-abdominal abscess is a collection of pus or infected fluid that is surrounded by inflamed tissue inside the abdomen. It can involve any abdominal organ, or it can settle in the folds of the bowel. What causes an intra-abdominal abscess? Intra-abdominal abscesses sometimes happen because of another condition. An example might be appendicitis or diverticulitis. Many cases, however, happen after surgery. Abdominal abscesses can be caused ...
Intradiscal Procedures for Back Pain Sometimes back pain comes from the fluid-filled disks that make up your spine. Click Image to Enlarge The spine's 33 bony vertebrae are hooked together in a way that allows the spine to bend and move. In between the 24 vertebra that come in contact with one another is a flat, fluid-filled cushion called a disk. When the disks themselves are causing back pain or pain radiating to the legs, health care providers sometimes do an intradiscal procedure to try to relieve t...
Immunoglobulin A Deficiency What is IgA deficiency? Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is a blood protein that’s part of your immune system. Your body makes IgA to help fight off sickness. IgA is found in mucous membranes, mainly in the respiratory and GI tracts, and in saliva, tears, and breast milk. It seems to play a part in asthma and allergies. Researchers have also linked IgA to autoimmune health problems. These are health problems in which your body’s own immune system attacks your body by mistake. Having an...
Iron Deficiency After Gastric Bypass Surgery What is iron deficiency after gastric bypass surgery? Iron deficiency and anemia are common after a gastric bypass or other weight-loss surgery, especially in women. In fact, iron deficiency can occur in more than half of women who are premenopausal who have this surgery. What causes iron deficiency after gastric bypass surgery? Iron deficiency is a side effect that results from the changes made during the surgery. Most of the iron from foods, like meats, leg...
Isosorbide Mononitrate Oral tablet What is this medicine? ISOSORBIDE MONONITRATE (eye soe SOR bide mon oh NYE trate) is a type of vasodilator. It relaxes blood vessels, increasing the blood and oxygen supply to your heart. This medicine is used to prevent chest pain caused by angina. It will not help to stop an episode of chest pain. How should I use this medicine? Take this medicine by mouth with a glass of water. Follow the directions on the prescription label. Take your medicine at regular intervals....
Isosorbide Dinitrate Oral tablet What is this medicine? ISOSORBIDE DINITRATE (eye soe SOR bide dye NYE trate) is a type of vasodilator. It relaxes blood vessels, increasing the blood and oxygen supply to your heart. This medicine is used to prevent chest pain caused by angina. It will not help to stop an episode of chest pain. How should I use this medicine? Take this medicine by mouth with a glass of water. Follow the directions on the prescription label. Take this medicine on an empty stomach, at leas...
Isoniazid, Rifampin Oral capsule What is this medicine? ISONIAZID; RIFAMPIN (eye soe NYE a zid; RIF am pin) is a combination of two antibiotics. It is used to treat tuberculosis (TB). It will not work for colds, flu, or other viral infections. How should I use this medicine? Take this medicine by mouth with a full glass of water. Follow the directions on the prescription label. Take this medicine on an empty stomach, either 1 hour before or 2 hours after food. Take your medicine at regular intervals. Do...
Idursulfase Solution for injection What is this medicine? IDURSULFASE (EYE dur SUL fase) is used to replace an enzyme that is missing in patients with Hunter syndrome. It is not a cure. How should I use this medicine? The medicine is for injection into a vein. It is given as an infusion by a health care professional in a hospital or clinic setting. Contact your pediatrician or health care professional regarding the use of this medicine in children. While this drug may be prescribed for children as young...
Isosorbide Dinitrate Sublingual tablet What is this medicine? ISOSORBIDE DINITRATE (eye soe SOR bide dye NYE trate) is a type of vasodilator. It relaxes blood vessels, increasing the blood and oxygen supply to your heart. This medicine is used to prevent and to treat chest pain caused by angina. How should I use this medicine? Place this medicine under the tongue. Follow the directions on the prescription label. Do not cut, crush or chew this medicine. Take this medicine 15 minutes before an activity th...
Influenza Trivalent Virus Vaccine (Types A and B) Solution for injection What is this medicine? INFLUENZA VIRUS VACCINE (in floo EN zuh VAHY ruhs vak SEEN) helps to reduce the risk of getting influenza also known as the flu. The vaccine only helps protect you against some strains of the flu. How should I use this medicine? This vaccine is for injection into a muscle or under the skin. It is given by a health care professional. A copy of Vaccine Information Statements will be given before each vaccinatio...
Indomethacin Oral capsule, extended-release What is this medicine? INDOMETHACIN (in doe Meth a sin) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). It is used to reduce swelling and to treat pain. It may be used for painful joint and muscular problems such as arthritis, tendinitis, bursitis, and gout. How should I use this medicine? Take this medicine by mouth with food and with a full glass of water. Do not crush or chew the medicine. Follow the directions on the prescription label. Take your medici...
Isosorbide Mononitrate Oral tablet, extended-release What is this medicine? ISOSORBIDE MONONITRATE (eye soe SOR bide mon oh NYE trate) is a vasodilator. It relaxes blood vessels, increasing the blood and oxygen supply to your heart. This medicine is used to prevent chest pain caused by angina. It will not help to stop an episode of chest pain. How should I use this medicine? Take this medicine by mouth with a glass of water. Follow the directions on the prescription label. Do not crush or chew. Take you...
Ipratropium Bromide Nebulizer solution What is this medicine? IPRATROPIUM (i pra TROE pee um) is a bronchodilator. It helps open up the airways in your lungs to make it easier to breathe. This medicine is used to treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), including emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Do not use this medicine alone for an acute attack. How should I use this medicine? This medicine is used in a nebulizer. Nebulizers make a liquid into an aerosol that you breathe in through your mou...
Isosorbide Dinitrate, Hydralazine Hydrochloride Oral tablet What is this medicine? HYDRALAZINE; ISOSORBIDE DINITRATE (hye DRAL a zeen; eye soe SOR bide dye NYE trate) is a combination of two vasodilator drugs. It is given in combination with other medicines to treat heart failure. How should I use this medicine? Take this medicine by mouth with a glass of water. Follow the directions on the prescription label. Take your medicine at regular intervals. Do not take your medicine more often than directed. D...
Insulin Solution for injection What is this medicine? INSULIN DETEMIR (IN su lin DE te mir) is a human-made form of insulin. This drug lowers the amount of sugar in your blood. It is a long-acting insulin that is usually given once or twice a day. How should I use this medicine? This medicine is for injection under the skin. Take this medicine at the same time(s) each day. Use exactly as directed. This insulin should never be mixed in the same syringe with other insulins before injection. Do not vigorou...
Insulin Glargine Solution for injection What is this medicine? INSULIN GLARGINE (IN su lin GLAR geen) is a human-made form of insulin. This drug lowers the amount of sugar in your blood. It is a long-acting insulin that is usually given once a day. How should I use this medicine? This medicine is for injection under the skin. Use this medicine at the same time each day. Use exactly as directed. This insulin should never be mixed in the same syringe with other insulins before injection. Do not vigorously...
Insulin Suspension Isophane (NPH) (Recombinant) Suspension for injection What is this medicine? ISOPHANE INSULIN (NPH) (EYE soe fane IN su lin) is a human-made form of insulin. This medicine lowers the amount of sugar in the blood. It is an intermediate-acting insulin that starts working about 1.5 hours after it is injected. How should I use this medicine? Insulin is for injection under the skin. Use exactly as directed. It is important to follow the directions given to you by your health care professio...
Insulin Glulisine Solution for injection What is this medicine? INSULIN GLULISINE (IN su lin; GLOO lis een) is a human-made form of insulin. This medicine lowers the amount of sugar in your blood. It is a fast acting insulin that starts working faster than regular insulin. It will not effect your blood sugar as long as regular insulin. How should I use this medicine? This medicine is for injection under the skin. Use exactly as directed. You should inject this medicine 15 minutes before a meal or within...
Insulin Lispro, Insulin Lispro Protamine (NPL) Suspension for injection What is this medicine? INSULIN LISPRO; INSULIN LISPRO PROTAMINE (IN su lin LYE sproe; IN su lin LYE sproe PRO ta meen) is a human-made form of insulin. This drug lowers the amount of sugar in your blood. This medicine is a mixture of a rapid-acting insulin and a longer-acting insulin. It starts working quickly after injection and continues to work for as long as 12 to 24 hours. How should I use this medicine? This medicine is for in...
Insulin Suspension for injection What is this medicine? INSULIN ASPART; INSULIN ASPART PROTAMINE (IN su lin AS part; IN su lin AS part PRO ta meen) is a human-made form of insulin. This drug lowers the amount of sugar in your blood. This medicine is a mixture of a rapid-acting insulin and a longer-acting insulin. It starts working 10 to 20 minutes after injection and continues to work for as long as 12 to 24 hours. How should I use this medicine? This medicine is for injection under the skin. Use exactl...
Insulin Aspart (Recombinant) Solution for injection What is this medicine? INSULIN ASPART (IN su lin AS part) is a human-made form of insulin. This drug lowers the amount of sugar in your blood. It is a fast acting insulin that starts working faster than regular insulin. It will not work as long as regular insulin. How should I use this medicine? This medicine is for injection under the skin. Use exactly as directed. It is important to follow the directions given to you by your health care professional ...
Insulin Solution for injection What is this medicine? REGULAR INSULIN (REG yuh ler IN su lin) is a human-made form of insulin. This medicine lowers the amount of sugar in your blood. It is a short-acting insulin that starts working about 30 minutes after it is injected. How should I use this medicine? This medicine is for injection under the skin. Use exactly as directed. It is important to follow the directions given to you by your doctor or health care professional. Your doctor or health care professi...
Influenza Virus Attenuated Live Trivalent Vaccine (Types A and B) (Avian) Nasal spray, suspension What is this medicine? INTRANASAL INFLUENZA VACCINE (in truh NEY zuhl in floo EN zuh vak SEEN) is a vaccine to protect from an infection with influenza, also known as the flu. The vaccine only helps protect you against some strains of the flu. This vaccine does not help to the reduce the risk of getting the pandemic H1N1 flu. How should I use this medicine? Use this vaccine in the nose. Do not take by mouth...
Ibuprofen Oral drops, suspension What is this medicine? IBUPROFEN (eye BYOO proe fen) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). It can ease minor aches and pains caused by a cold, flu, sore throat, headache, or toothache. It is used to treat fever or pain for a short time. How should I use this medicine? Take this medicine by mouth. Follow the directions on the package label. Read the directions on the package label very carefully. Use the child's weight or age to find the correct dose. Shake w...
Ibuprofen Chewable tablet What is this medicine? IBUPROFEN (eye BYOO proe fen) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). It can relieve minor aches and pains caused by a cold, flu, sore throat, headache, or toothache. It is used to treat fever or pain for a short time. How should I use this medicine? Take this medicine by mouth. Chew it completely before swallowing. Follow the directions on the package label. Read the directions on the package label very carefully. Use the child's weight or age...
Immune Globulin (Human) Solution for injection What is this medicine? IMMUNE GLOBULIN (im MUNE GLOB yoo lin) helps to prevent or reduce the severity of certain infections in patients who are at risk. This medicine is collected from the pooled blood of many donors. It is used to treat immune system problems, thrombocytopenia, and Kawasaki syndrome. How should I use this medicine? This medicine is for injection into a muscle or infusion into a vein or skin. It is usually given by a health care professiona...
Ipratropium Bromide Inahaler What is this medicine? IPRATROPIUM (i pra TROE pee um) is a bronchodilator. It helps open up the airways in your lungs to make it easier to breathe. This medicine is used to treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), including emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Do not use this medicine for an acute attack. How should I use this medicine? This medicine is inhaled through the mouth. Follow the directions on your prescription label. Do not use more often than directed. ...
Irinotecan Hydrochloride Solution for injection What is this medicine? IRINOTECAN (ir in oh TEE kan ) is a chemotherapy drug. It is used to treat colon and rectal cancer. How should I use this medicine? This drug is given as an infusion into a vein. It is administered in a hospital or clinic by a specially trained health care professional. Talk to your pediatrician regarding the use of this medicine in children. Special care may be needed. What side effects may I notice from receiving this medicine? Sid...
Indinavir Sulfate Oral capsule What is this medicine? INDINAVIR (in DIN a veer) is an antiretroviral medicine. It is used with other medicines to treat HIV. This medicine is not a cure for HIV. It will not stop the spread of HIV to others. How should I use this medicine? Take this medicine by mouth with a full glass of water. Follow the directions on the prescription label. Take this medicine on an empty stomach, at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after food. You may take it with a light meal, like dry t...
Indomethacin Oral suspension What is this medicine? INDOMETHACIN (in doe METH a sin) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). It is used to reduce swelling and to treat pain. It may be used for painful joint and muscular problems such as arthritis, tendinitis, bursitis, and gout. How should I use this medicine? Take this medicine by mouth with food and with a full glass of water. Follow the directions on the prescription label. Shake well before using. Use a specially marked spoon or container...
Indomethacin Oral capsule What is this medicine? INDOMETHACIN (in doe METH a sin) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). It is used to reduce swelling and to treat pain. It may be used for painful joint and muscular problems such as arthritis, tendinitis, bursitis, and gout. How should I use this medicine? Take this medicine by mouth with food and with a full glass of water. Follow the directions on the prescription label. Take your medicine at regular intervals. Do not take your medicine mo...
Ibuprofen Oral suspension What is this medicine? IBUPROFEN (eye BYOO proe fen) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). This medicine can relieve minor aches and pains caused by a cold, flu, sore throat, headache, or toothache. It is used to treat fever or pain for a short time. How should I use this medicine? Take this medicine by mouth. Shake well before using. Read the directions on the package label very carefully. Use the child's weight or age to find the correct dose. Use the measuring d...
Itraconazole Oral solution What is this medicine? ITRACONAZOLE (i tra KO na zole) is an antifungal medicine. It is used to treat certain kinds of fungal or yeast infections. How should I use this medicine? Take this medicine by mouth. Follow the directions on the prescription label. Use a specially marked spoon, or container to measure your dose. Ask your pharmacist if you do not have one. Household spoons are not accurate. Swish the solution in the mouth then swallow. Do not take with food. Take your m...
Itraconazole Solution for injection What is this medicine? ITRACONAZOLE (i tra KO na zole) is an antifungal medicine. It is used to treat certain kinds of fungal or yeast infections. How should I use this medicine? This medicine is for injection into a vein. It is usually given by a health care professional in a hospital or clinic setting. If you get this medicine at home, you will be taught how to prepare and give this medicine. Use exactly as directed. Take your medicine at regular intervals. Do not t...
Itraconazole Oral tablet What is this medicine? ITRACONAZOLE (i tra KO na zole) is an antifungal medicine. It is used to treat certain kinds of fungal or yeast infections. How should I use this medicine? Take this medicine by mouth with a full glass of water. Follow the directions on the prescription label. Take after eating a full meal. If you have a condition called achlorhydria, are taking H2-receptor antagonists or other gastric acid suppressors, you should take this medicine with a cola beverage. T...
Isocarboxazid Oral tablet What is this medicine? ISOCARBOXAZID (eye soe kar BOX azid) is an monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). It is used to treat depression. How should I use this medicine? Take this medicine by mouth with a glass of water. Follow the directions on the prescription label. Take your medicine at regular intervals. Do not take your medicine more often than directed. Do not stop taking this medicine suddenly except upon the advice of your doctor. Stopping this medicine too quickly may cau...
Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillaltor (ICD) Insertion What is an implantable cardioverter defibrillator? An implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) is a small electronic device used to continuously monitor and help regulate potentially fast and life-threatening electrical problems with the heart. The ICD, about the size of a stopwatch, is implanted under the skin just below the collarbone. It consists of a pulse generator and wires, called leads. The pulse generator contains the battery and a tin...
Intravenous Pyelogram What is an intravenous pyelogram (IVP)? An IVP is an imaging test used to look at the kidneys and ureters. The ureters are the narrow tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder. During the test, the radiologist injects a contrast dye into one of your veins. He or she uses X-ray images to watch the contrast dye as it moves from the kidney into the ureter and then to the bladder. Dye that moves too slowly or not at all may mean that you have a blockage in the blood flow t...
Informed Consent What is an informed consent form? Prior to surgery, your child's doctor will give you a careful explanation of what procedure will be performed and the risks involved. You will be asked to sign an informed consent form which states in detail that you understand the risks and benefits of your child's surgery. Who may sign the informed consent? One or both parents usually sign for a minor child. However, if the child is living with a legal guardian, the doctor will ask the legal guardian ...
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